Gymnolaemata |
Cheilostomatida |
Chaperiidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile. Polar
Southeast Pacific and the Antarctic: South Africa, Kerguelen and Marion Islands.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the phylum Bryozoa are hermaphroditic. Both fertilization and egg brooding may either be internal or external.
Branch, M.L. and P.J. Hayward 2007 The Bryozoa of subantarctic Marion and Prince Edward Islands: illustrated keys to the species and results of the 1982-1989 University of Cape Town surveys. African Journal of Marine Science 29:1-24. (Ref. 90016)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
