Holothuroidea | 
Holothuriida | 
Holothuriidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range				
				
					بوم شناسي				
				
			
			
				وابسته به آب سنگ;  تغييرات عمق 0 - 25 m (مرجع 108901), usually 0 - 10 m (مرجع 108901).  Tropical			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Indo-West Pacific:  East Africa to Papua New Guinea and Australia.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
			
			
				بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 48.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 80470); common length : 35.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 80470); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 2.8 kg (مرجع 122)			
			
			
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Maximum depth from Ref. 92930. Found on inner reef flats, coastal lagoons, seagrass beds, or sandflats at depths of 0 to 30 m (Ref. 92930).  Occurs predominantly from 0 to 10 m (Ref. 98471).  During specific time of the day, it buries in sand or muddy-sand (Ref. 92930).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
					Members of the class Holothuroidea are gonochoric and have only one gonad.  Spawning and fertilization are both external and some exhibit brooding.  Life cycle:  Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (auricularia) then into doliolaria (barrel-shaped stage) which later metamorphose into juvenile sea cucumbers.				
			
			
			
			
				مآخذ اصلی  				
					مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
				
			
			
				Massin, C., S. Uthicke, S.W. Purcell, F.W.E. Rowe and Y. Samyn 2009 Taxonomy of the heavily exploited Indo-Pacific sandfish complex (Echinodermata: Holothuriidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155:40-59. (مرجع 80470)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN    
						 (مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				وضعيت از نظر سايتس   (مرجع 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				خطر برای انسان ها  
			
			
				
					  Harmless				
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				استفاده انسانی  
			
			
				ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا			
			
			
				FAO - ماهي گيري – شيلات: landings | FishSource | 			
			
			
			
			
			
ابزارها
			
			
			
			
				
					اطلاعات بيشتر				
				
					 Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
تركيب غذايي
مصرف غذايي
شکارچیان
  Population dynamicsرشد
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
فراواني
  Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو  تخمLarvae   PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				منابع اينترنتي
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
									
						Preferred temperature  					
				 (Ref. 
115969): 24.7 - 29.3, mean 28.2 (based on 1951 cells).			
 
			
			
			
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).