Malacostraca |
Decapoda |
Lithodidae | Lithodinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; تغييرات عمق 0 - 700 m (مرجع 2686). Subtropical, preferred 9°C (مرجع 107945); 34°S - 57°S, 77°W - 51°W
Southeast Pacific and Southwest Atlantic: from Chile (Talcahuano to Cape Horn), Falkland Islands, Argentina and Uruguay. Subtropical and temperate.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?, range 6 - 7.5 cm Max length : 19.0 cm CL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 93013); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 8.0 kg (مرجع 93013)
Restricted to deeper waters (Ref. 2786). Intraspecific predation observed in its early stages (Ref. 104081). Juveniles are observed to form aggregations known as "pods" on large kelp Macrocystis pyrifera. Young individuals are found around the holdfasts and stipes of this kelp (Ref. 104212) as well as on rocky bottoms in the subtidal nearshore (Ref. 104371). Juveniles are voracious and opportunistic omnivorous predators (Ref. 104371). Scavenger and predator (Ref. 113323). Also in Ref. 78676.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Life cycle: Females begin molting in late November to early December. Fertilization occurs right after oviposition. Embryogenesis lasts 9-10 months. Larval hatching occurs between mid-September and October. Embryos develop into lecithotrophic or facultative larvae, which passes through three zoeal and one megalopal stages, and later metamorphoses to the first benthic crab stage. Mating behavior: A precopulatory embrace occurs between an old-shelled male and a recently molted female. Females carry 5500-60000 eggs (Ref. 93013).
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Arana, P.M.E. and M.A. Retamal 1999 Nueva distribución de Paralomis birsteini Macpherson, 1988 en aguas antárcticas (Anomura, Lithodidae, Lithodinae). Invest. Mar, Valparaíso 27:101-110. (مرجع 2676)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
FAO - ماهي گيري – شيلات: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 4.4 - 9.7, mean 6.4 (based on 330 cells).
جهندگی
متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.15-0.22; tm=5).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
