Sterna sandvicensis, Sandwich tern
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Sterna sandvicensis   Latham, 1787

Sandwich tern
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Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Charadriiformes | Laridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range Ekologi

; brackvatten.  Tropical; 64°N - 44°S, 98°W - 72°E (Ref. 125423)

Distribution Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Utplanteringar

Eastern Pacific, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 8812); publicerad maxvikt: 300.00 g (Ref. 356)

Short description Morfologi

Culmen: 5.8 cm; tarsus: 2.54 cm; wing: 32.5 cm.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 91 to 94 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species (Ref. 356), found on beach and shoreline, nearshore and in islands (Ref. 116102). Primarily foraging inshore. In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving behavior (Ref. 356). Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Stienen, E.W.M. and A. Brenninkmeijer 2002 Variation in growth in Sandwich Tern chicks Sterna sandvicensis and the consequences for pre- and post-fledging mortality. Ibis 144:567-576. (Ref. 5815)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 August 2019

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Human uses


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Ytterligare information

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Predatorer
Ekologi
Ekologi
Population dynamics
Tillväxt
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundans
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Physiology
Syreförbrukning
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Medarbetare
Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Bilder
referenser
referenser

Internet-källor

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, sök) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 9.5 - 28.8, mean 25.6 (based on 3906 cells).
Resiliens (Ref. 69278): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=54.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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