Malacostraca | 
Decapoda | 
Lithodidae | Lithodinae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range				
				
					بوم شناسي				
				
			
			
				;  تغييرات عمق 160 - 1013 m (مرجع 104052), usually 400 - 500 m (مرجع 104052).  Tropical; 22°N -   35°S, 76°W -   18°E (مرجع 104052)			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Atlantic Ocean:  Mauritania to Namibia, St. Helena, and off the coast of Brazil. Tropical to subtropical.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
			
			
				بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 14.0 cm CL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 104052)			
			
			
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Deep water species living on the upper continental slope.  Juveniles occur in deeper waters than adults (Ref. 8826).  Found on muddy bottoms (Ref. 104052).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
					Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric.  Mating behavior:  Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer.  				
			
			
			
			
				مآخذ اصلی  				
					مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
				
			
			
				SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org. (مرجع 356)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN    
						 (مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				وضعيت از نظر سايتس   (مرجع 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				خطر برای انسان ها  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				استفاده انسانی  
			
			
				ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري			
			
			
				 | FishSource | Sea Around Us			
			
			
			
			
			
ابزارها
			
			
			
			
				
					اطلاعات بيشتر				
				
					 Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني   Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو  تخمLarvae   PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				منابع اينترنتي
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
							
			
			
			
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Low vulnerability (10 of 100).					
				
						
						
			
									
						طبقه قيمت  					
					
					Unknown.			
			
			
				Nutrients  :  Calcium = 109 [35, 184]  mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97]  mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386]  g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3]  μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40]  mg/100g (wet weight); based on 
nutrient studies.