Amblyrhynchus cristatus, Marine iguana
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Amblyrhynchus cristatus   Bell, 1825

Marine iguana

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Amblyrhynchus cristatus  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Reptilia | Squamata | Iguanidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Reef-associated; depth range 0 - 12 m (Ref. 2658).  Tropical; 10°C - 36°C (Ref. 2620); 1°N - 2°S, 92°W - 89°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Southeast Pacific: Galapagos Islands. IUCN: Amblyrhynchus cristatus albemarlensis, Vu B2ab(iii)c(iv); Amblyrhynchus cristatus hassi, Vu B2ac(iv); Amblyrhynchus cristatus mertensi, En A2ce; C2b; Amblyrhynchus cristatus nanus, En A2b; Amblyrhynchus cristatus sielmanni, Vu B2ac(iv); and Amblyrhynchus cristatus venustissimus, Vu B2ac(iv) (Ref. 89710).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 130 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2621); 60 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 1.5 kg (Ref. 2621)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Weight ranges from 500 to 1,500 g (Ref. 2621). Ectothermic (Ref. 2648). Prefers temperatures between 35° to 37°C (Ref. 2659). Lives in colonies where shallow reefs occur with extensive intertidal zone and rocky coastline with 2 to 5 m above sea level. Lays eggs in softer substrates (Ref. 2623). Sleeps on the coastline or up on mangrove trees. Exhibits subtidal and intertidal feeding (Ref. 2650). Naturally dives at depths 1.5 to 5 m for 5 to 10 minutes (Ref. 2656) but can descend to 12 m for about 30 minutes (Ref. 2658).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Exhibits lekking during mating season (Ref. 2652). Nesting season is from January to February. Males defend mating territories for 3 months during annual breeding season. Females lay up to 6 eggs in burrows 30 to 80 cm deep in sand or volcanic ash (Ref. 2661). Embryo development takes place at temperatures from 28° to 30°C (Ref. 2659).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Roy, K. 2000 Amblyrhynchus cristatus. Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Amblyrhynchus_cristatus.html. [Accessed 30/01/07]. (Ref. 2618)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Vulnerable (VU) (A2abce+4abce); Date assessed: 01 December 2019

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses


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Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23.5 - 24.6, mean 23.7 (based on 16 cells).
Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.74-1.52; tm=5.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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