Polyplacophora |
Chitonida |
Tonicellidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
; गहराई सीमा 0 - 183 m (संदर्भ 128573), usually 0 - 20 m (संदर्भ 128573). Polar
Arctic, Northern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean.
Length at first maturity / आकार / Weight / Age
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 2.5 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (संदर्भ 281)
Oblong to oval in shape; elevated and rather acutely angular valves. Valves: Colored a light tan covered with a heavy suffusion of dark red maculations and specks. Surface of valves: Smooth; granulated under a lens. Lateral areas: Not distinctly outlined. Girdle: leathery and without scales or bristles (Ref. 281).
Found from intertidal to 10 m (Tonicella submarmorea) and 230 m (Tonicella marmorea) (Ref. 75835).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Polyplacophora are mostly gonochoric. Life cycle: Eggs hatch into lecitotrophic planktonic trocophore larvae (no veliger stage) which later metamorphose and settle on the bottom as young adults.
Burghardt, G. and L. Burghardt 2006 Selected Chitons of Caribbean Area and the East Coast of United States and Canada. A Gallery of Worlwide Chitons: http://home.inreach.com/burghart/eastcoas.html[accessed20/01/06] (संदर्भ 281)
IUCN Red List Status
(संदर्भ 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (संदर्भ 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (संदर्भ 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
साधन
अधिक जानकारी
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)संघटक आहारआहार खपतपरभक्षी Population dynamicsबाढ़
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
बहुतायत
Life cycleपुनरुत्पत्तिपरिपक्व अवधिFecundityमछलीऔ का अंडे देनाEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.3 - 10, mean 2.2 (based on 720 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.