Cephalopoda |
Sepiida |
Sepiolidae | Heteroteuthinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
βενθοπελαγικό; εύρος βάθους 200 - 3000 m (Αναφ. 1695). Tropical; 52°N - 35°S, 85°W - 46°E (Αναφ. 106956)
Atlantic, Mediterranean, Western Indian Ocean and the Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 2.5 cm ML αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 1695)
Mesopelagic or benthopelagic, but also found on the bottom at depth range to 1588 m, paralarvae found in mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones, far from coasts, with bottom depth ranging between 1,500 and 3,000 m. Adults live in groups in lower epipelagic and mesopelagic zones, common at depths between 200 and 300 m. Often found in areas inhabited by populations of red shrimps. Represents a sizeable component of the diet of several top predators, including dolphins, sharks, swordfish and tunas. Caught by pelagic nets and shrimp trawlers but of no commercial interest due to the low quantities available to fisheries (Ref. 1695).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Eggs | Γονιμότητα | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.) 2005 Cephalopods of the world. An Annotated and Illustrated catalogue of Cephalopod species known to date. Vol. 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 4(1):262p. Rome: FAO. (Αναφ. 1695)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Εργαλεία
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Population dynamicsΑύξησηMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionΑφθονία Life cycleΑναπαραγωγήΓεννητική ΩρίμανσηΓονιμότηταΓεννοβολίαEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyΚατανάλωση οξυγόνου
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 3.7 - 14, mean 7.1 (based on 746 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
