Cephalopoda |
Sepiida |
Sepiidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 0 - 130 m (Ref. 1695), usually ? - 40 m (Ref. 275). Tropical; 41°N - 26°S, 32°E - 151°E (Ref. 1695)
Indo-West Pacific and the Mediterranean Sea: from Red Sea to Japan and Australia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 12.2, range 5 - 24 cm Max length : 43.0 cm ML male/unsexed; (Ref. 275); 33 cm ML (female); max. published weight: 5.0 kg (Ref. 275); max. published weight: 5.0 kg
Common sizes in landings range from 15 to 20 cm (Ref. 3722). This species supports industrial or artisanal fisheries throughout its range. Mostly fished and abundant in Gulf and the Andaman Sea. This species has been grown successfully in culture and techniques are being developed to culture the animals commercially (Ref. 1695). Minimum depth from Ref. 103582. Benthic (Ref. 105085). Epibenthic (Ref. 116259). Most common in shallow coastal waters (Ref. 801). Commonly found over sand and seagrass beds (Ref. 102838). Active predator and exhibits cannibalism (Ref. 105085). Feeds on crustaceans, small fish (Refs. 801, 9773) and cephalopods (Ref. 105085). Able to change color rapidly (Ref. 102838). Coastal demersal. Forms groups during spawning at depths of at most 20m (Ref. 9773).
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.) 2005 Cephalopods of the world. An Annotated and Illustrated catalogue of Cephalopod species known to date. Vol. 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 4(1):262p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1695)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; aquarium: potential
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 24.6 - 29.1, mean 28.1 (based on 1516 cells).
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.46-1.69).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
