Spisula solidissima, Atlantic surfclam : fisheries
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Spisula solidissima   (Dillwyn, 1817)

Atlantic surfclam

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Spisula solidissima  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Spisula solidissima

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Bivalvia | Venerida | Mactridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; depth range 0 - 70 m (Ref. 83435).  Temperate, preferred 10°C (Ref. 107945)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Western Atlantic Ocean.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?, range 5 - 8.5 cm Max length : 20.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7726); max. reported age: 31 years (Ref. 8702)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits the shallow continental shelf (Ref. 106944). Suspension feeder (Ref. 78574).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Harvey-Clark, C. 1997 Eastern tidepool and reef: north-central Atlantic marinelife guide. Hancock House Publishers, 64pp. (Ref. 7726)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Collaborators
Taxonomy
Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Pictures
References
References

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Fisheries: species profile; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 6.2 - 24.6, mean 23.5 (based on 274 cells).
Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.23-0.36; tm=2; tmax=31).
Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Low.
Nutrients :  Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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