Aves | 
Gaviiformes | 
Gaviidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range				
				
					Ecology				
				
			
			
				Others; freshwater; brackish; depth range 0 - 4 m (Ref. 125041), usually 0 - 2 m (Ref. 125041).  Temperate; 78°N -   21°N, 10°W -   160°W (Ref. 124582)			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Northwest Pacific and Northeast Atlantic, Bering Sea and the Mediterranean.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
			
			
				Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm			
			
			
						
			
			
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
				Dierschke, V., S. Garthe, B. Mendel 2006 Possible Conflicts between Offshore Wind Farms and Seabirds in the German Sectors of North Sea and Baltic Sea. In Ch. 10: 121-143. Köller, J., J. Köppel and W. Peters (eds.). Offshore Wind Energy, Research on Environmental Impacts.  Springer: Germany. 371 pp. (Ref. 96350)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						IUCN Red List Status    
						 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				CITES status   (Ref. 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Threat to humans  
			
			
				
					  Harmless				
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Human uses  
			
			
							
			
			
				 | FishSource | 			
			
			
			
			
			
Tools
			
			
			
			
				
					More information				
				
					 Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
  Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
  Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
  PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				Internet sources
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models