Oligohymenophorea |
Sessilida |
Zoothamniidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Υφάλμυρο. Tropical
Central Atlantic, Mediterranean and the Red Sea.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 1.5 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 87022); common length : 0.5 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 87023)
Average length is 0.3 to 0.5 cm (Ref. 87023). The surface of this species is known to be a favorable habitat for sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (Ref. 87023). It inhabits mangrove peat walls in groups of more than 100 colonies, with an estimated group life of approximately 20 days, mainly in areas where microbial surface mat has been destroyed (Ref. 87022). It is found attached to a substrate, particularly in subtidal areas where sulfide sources are present. Large colonies are observed on garbage bags and rotting vegetables found in mangrove ponds. Generally is occupies ephemeral habitats where it is patchily distributed (Ref. 85814). The peritrich ciliate is a filter feeder, and its microzooids possess a fully developed oral ciliature and cytopharynx (Ref. 87023).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Eggs | Γονιμότητα | Larvae
Members of the phylum Ciliophora reproduce either through conjugation wherein exchange of genes occur or by budding.
Rinke, C., S. Schmitz-Esser, K. Stoecker, A.D. Nussbaumer, D.A. Molna´r, K. Vanura, M. Wagner, M. Horn, J.A. Ott and M. Bright 2006 Candidatus Thiobios zoothamnicoli, an ectosymbiotic bacterium covering the giant marine ciliate Zoothamnium niveum. Applied and Environmental Biology 27(3):2014-2021. (Αναφ. 87022)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
| FishSource |
Εργαλεία
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Τροφική ΟικολογίαFood items (preys)
Σύσταση δίαιτας
Κατανάλωση τροφής
Θηρευτές
Population dynamicsΑύξηση
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Αφθονία
Life cycleΑναπαραγωγήΓεννητική ΩρίμανσηΓονιμότηταΓεννοβολίαEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyΚατανάλωση οξυγόνου
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
