Ascidiacea |
Aplousobranchia |
Holozoidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile; depth range 0 - 500 m (Ref. 3435). Polar
Southwest Atlantic, Southeast Pacific and the Antarctic: From Antarctica to Kerguelen Islands and South America. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Found on soft bottoms at 20 to 30 m, either directly attached to the bottom or as epibionts on Pyura setosa, Cnemidocarpa verrucosa, Molgula pedunculata, Ascidia challengeri, Corella eumyota (Ref. 1753); often found on brown algae Lessionia trabeculata and also on pebbles (Ref. 3373). Known from depths of 0 to 500 m (Ref. 3435).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Ascidiacea are hermaphroditic; both cross- and self-fertilization is typical. Life cycle: Eggs develop into lecithotrophic larva before metamorphosing into benthic adults.
Tatian, M., R.J. Sahade, M.E. Doucet and G.B. Esnal 1998 Ascidians (tunicata, ascidiacea) of Potter cove, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Antarc. Sci. 10(2):147-152. (Ref. 1753)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowthMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionAbundance Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.6 - 8.8, mean 5.8 (based on 283 cells).
Price category
Unknown.
