Cephalopoda |
Myopsida |
Loliginidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
نزديك كف زي; اقیانوس رو (مرجع 75927); تغييرات عمق 30 - 170 m (مرجع 275). Tropical; 15°C - 28°C (مرجع 75930); 53°N - 27°S, 32°E - 150°E (مرجع 97142)
Indo-Pacific. Tropical to temperate.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm 7.4 range ? - ? cm Max length : 50.0 cm ML جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 75927)
Also caught by jigs and set nets. 30cm in Hong Kong, common mantle length in commercial catches ranges between 15 and 25 cm (Ref. 3722). Found in the continental shelf; winters inshore, in shallow waters. Spawning period extends throughout the year, with peaks in spring, summer, and autumn. Spawning grounds were recorded from 30 to 100 m, on sandy bottom in coastal waters influenced by inflow of warm oceanic currents. Life span is about one year. Juveniles prefer crustaceans; adults primarily feed on fishes (Ref. 114973).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 3. Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(3):277p. Rome: FAO. (مرجع 275)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 21.8 - 28.1, mean 26.6 (based on 297 cells).
Prior r = 1.06, 95% CL = 0.70 - 1.59, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
