Cephalopoda |
Oegopsida |
Ommastrephidae | Todarodinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthopelagic; depth range 20 - 850 m (Ref. 275). Tropical; 9°C - 18°C (Ref. 417); 73°N - 44°S, 18°W - 155°E
Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean and Indo-West Pacific. Tropical to temperate.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 18.8, range 20 - ? cm Max length : 22.0 cm ML male/unsexed; (Ref. 104052); 29 cm ML (female); common length : 13.0 cm ML male/unsexed; (Ref. 275); common length :20 cm ML (female)
Maximum depth from Ref. 122892. Neritic (Ref. 90638). Pelagic (Ref. 122890), demersal (Ref. 122892). Mainly lives in the lower sublittoral and upper bathyal over the continental shelf, associated with sandy and muddy bottoms. More abundant in highly productive areas around the shelf break. Frequents the upper slope of regions with steep slopes (Ref. 122892). Also found in the slope. Voracious opportunistic predator (Ref. 90638). Feeds on teleosts, crustaceans, squids and gastropods (Ref. 107051).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Two main spawning seasons, during spring and autumn-winter.
Schneider, W. 1990 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 417)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 5.2 - 21, mean 11.3 (based on 776 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
