Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others; depth range 0 - 1 m (Ref. 119695). Temperate; 85°N - 31°N, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 120722)
Northern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, Arctic and Pacific Asia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 77.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 1.4 kg (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 6.26 cm; tarsus: 7.41 cm; wing: 45.9 cm.
Total Length: 66 to 77 cm; Wingspan: 132 to 142 cm (Ref. 8812). Minimum and maximum depth based on feeding behavior of dippers (0.3+-0.2). This is is also based on diving depth of one species of the genus Larus. Found on bay and nearshore, beach and shoreline (Ref. 116102). Coastal; scavenger; kleptoparasitism; (Ref. 356). Prey on cliff-nesting colonial seabirds, usually within a limited area within the whole colony and on locations that are disadvantageous for the colonial birds to defend such as on broad ledges or sloping cliffs. Vulnerable to pollution because of their foraging, prey, or nesting habit near shore, close to industrial or agricultural pollutants (Ref. 87784).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Lepage, D. 2007. (Ref. 7816)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Age/SizeGrowthLength-weightLength-lengthMorphologyLarvaeAbundance
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.4 - 13.3, mean 7.5 (based on 1860 cells).
Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
