Cephalopoda |
Oegopsida |
Enoploteuthidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Pelagic; depth range 1 - 900 m (Ref. 105689). Tropical; 65°N - 31°S, 98°W - 37°E
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 4.9 cm ML male/unsexed; (Ref. 104052)
Pelagic. Carries out vertical daily migrations (Ref. 104404). At bottom in bathyal and in midwater above slopes, occasionally to surface at night time (Ref. 97142). Exhibits counterillumination, a common form of crypsis in the open ocean (Ref. 106088 ). Feeds on plankton accumulated around lights at night over deep reef (Ref. 106988).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams. 1998. (Ref. 1667)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Age/SizeGrowthLength-weightLength-lengthMorphologyLarvaeAbundance
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 6.6 - 19.7, mean 11.6 (based on 775 cells).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
