Echinoidea |
Spatangoida |
Loveniidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; brackish; depth range 0 - 230 m (Ref. 85345). Subtropical; 72°N - 41°S, 32°W - 179°E
Indo-West Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 6.0 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 7882)
Species' maximum size from the North Sea off Belgium (Ref. 7882). Found in sandbanks (Ref. 96352) and along the coastal zone. Buries in a wide range of sediment types but often in coarser-grained sediment with low mud content of less than 20% (Ref. 7882). Reported in areas influenced by estuarine outflows (Ref. 96507). Herbivorous epistratum (sub-surface deposit) feeder (Refs. 96352, 96501).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
Gaspar, M.B., M.N. Santos, F. Leitão, L. Chícharo, A. Chícharo and C.C. Monteiro. 2003. (Ref. 2703)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
| FishSource |
Tools
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 7 - 14.4, mean 9.8 (based on 654 cells).
Price category
Unknown.
