Malacostraca | 
Decapoda | 
Lithodidae | Lithodinae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range				
				
					Ecology				
				
			
			
				Benthic; depth range 16 - 1030 m (Ref. 93860).  Deep-water, preferred 5°C (Ref. 107945); 15°S -   65°S, 180°W -   180°E			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Indo-Pacific, Atlantic and Antarctic.  Tropical to polar.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
			
			
				Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 10.7 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 89171)			
			
			
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Benthic.  Occurs in deep water (Ref. 93860).  Found on rocky bottoms (Ref. 103032) as well as soft bottoms with sparse epifauna (Ref. 106495).  Has a very diverse diet and is an opportunistic forager and scavenger (Ref. 93860).  Feeds on benthic sessile and slow-moving organisms (Ref. 96496).  Highly opportunistic and also displays necrophagy (Ref. 113076).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
					Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric.  Mating behavior:  Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer.  				
			
			
			
			
			
				Davie, P.J.F. 2002 Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda - Anomura, Brachyura. In A. Wells and W.W.K. Houston (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 19.3B. Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing, Australia xiv 641 p. (Ref. 8423)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						IUCN Red List Status    
						 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				CITES status   (Ref. 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				Threat to humans  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Human uses  
			
			
				Fisheries: commercial			
			
			
				FAO - Fisheries: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us			
			
			
			
			
			
Tools
			
			
			
			
				
					More information				
				
					 Population dynamicsGrowthMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionAbundance   Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae   PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				Internet sources
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
									
						Preferred temperature  					
				 (Ref. 
115969): 3.3 - 11, mean 7 (based on 321 cells).			
 
			
			
			
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Low vulnerability (10 of 100).					
				
						
							
					
						Climate Vulnerability  					
					
					Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).				
						
			
									
						Price category  					
					
					Unknown.			
			
			
				Nutrients  :  Calcium = 109 [35, 184]  mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97]  mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386]  g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3]  μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40]  mg/100g (wet weight); based on 
nutrient studies.