Echinoidea |
Camarodonta |
Toxopneustidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; لب شور; تغييرات عمق 0 - 50 m (مرجع 83942). Tropical; 37°N - 33°S, 99°W - 28°W
Western Central Atlantic: from USA to Brazil, throughout the Caribbean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 11.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 415)
This an epibenthic, subtidal species found in seagrass (Ref. 83942), particularly Thalassia sp. beds and lagoonal mangrove cays (Ref. 86574).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Collin, R., M.C. Díaz, J. Norenburg, R.M. Rocha, J.A. Sánchez, M. Schulze, A. Schwartz and A. Valdés 2005 Photographic identification guide to some common marine invertebrates of Bocas Del Toro, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science. 41(3):638-707. (مرجع 415)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 22.8 - 28, mean 26.1 (based on 306 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.
