Not assigned |
Not assigned |
Phoronidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; non-migratory (Ref. 1); depth range 0 - 55 m (Ref. 1), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 1). Temperate
Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 1.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the phylum Phoronida are mostly hermaphroditic. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming planktotrophic actinotrocha larvae which later sinks to the bottom and metamorphose into benthic adults.
Emig, C.C. and C. de Mittelwihr 2005 Phoronida. Web site. (Ref. 1)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 6.3 - 14.9, mean 10.2 (based on 826 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
