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Family Arcovestiidae - ark shells
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Order
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Class
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Pogonophora
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No. of Genera in Ref.
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No. of Species in Ref.
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Environment
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : No |
Marine : Yes
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Aquarium
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First Fossil Record
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Remark
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Author: Ref. 7684. Shell solid, equivalve or slightly inequivalves, in the latter case left valve somewhat overlapping right; roughly quadrate to ovate in shape and mostly longer than high, more or less inequilateral. A byssal gape sometimes developed on ventral margin. Umbones in front of the midline, prosognate, on top of a wide cardinal area. Ligament external, stretching across the cardinal area, often with V-shaped grooves. Outer surface of shell with radial ribs, often crossed by concentric sculpture. Periostracum well developed, often thick and fibrous, lamellate to hairy. Hinge elongate, almost straight to slightly arched, with numerous small transverse teeth which increase in size towards anterior and posterior ends. Interior of shell porcelaneous. Two subequal adductor muscle scars. Pallial line without sinus. Sedentary animals, living attached to the substrate by means of their fringe-like byssus and sometimes nestling in rock crevices, or unattached and often more or less buried in soft bottoms. The presence of haemoglobin enables them to colonize habitats of low oxygen concentration. Sexes generally separate. Pelagic larval stage relatively long.. Arcidae are actively collected for food in the area; species of Anadara or Scapharca represent major commercial species, often cultivate and collectively known as "blood cockles' (Ref. 348).
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Etymology
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Division
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Reproductive guild
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Typical activity level
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Main Ref.
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Coordinator
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