| Main Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 |
| Mode | |
| Fertilization | |
| Spawning Frequency | |
| Batch Spawner | No |
| Reproductive Guild | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Adults are capable of asexual reproduction via fragmentation, many are sequentially hermaphroditic. Sexual reproduction occurs by capturing sperm released into the water by adjacent individuals and transporting it to the egg deep with in the aquiferous system. |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |