| Main Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
| Mode | |
| Fertilization | |
| Spawning Frequency | |
| Batch Spawner | No |
| Reproductive Guild | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Members of the phylum Ciliophora reproduce either through conjugation wherein exchange of genes occur or by budding. |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |