Ecology Summary - Sepia apama

Ecology Summary - Sepia apama

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Ecology of Sepia apama

Main Ref.	Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984
Remarks	Also found in open trawl grounds (Ref. 275). Epibenthic (Ref. 116259).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Sepia apama may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Norman, M., 2003
Special habitats	Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.	Norman, M., 2003

Associations

संदर्भ	Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		टिप्पणी
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	टिप्पणी
From diet composition
From individual food items
संदर्भ

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