| Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Occurs at depths of 2-10 m, common at depths of 5-25 m. Bottom mud, or mud and sand. Temperature: 9° to 25°C. Salinity: 33.27 to 33.94% Cl. Neritic province. Tropical to temperate climates. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Pérez Farfante, I. and B. Kensley, 1997 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Roux, A., R. Piñero, P. Moriondo and M. Fernández, 2009 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Roux, A., R. Piñero, P. Moriondo and M. Fernández, 2009 |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.56 | 0.38 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||