| Main Ref. | Austin, W.C., 1999 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | It is found on rocky and sandy bottoms from the very low intertidal to a depth of 90 meters (Ref. 865). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | |
| Feeding habit | |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.37 | 0.37 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||