| Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Subtidal (Ref. 106854). Occurs at depths from 35 to 55 m in bottom sand and reefs. Temperate to tropical climates (Ref. 8). Can be pelagic, i.e. recorded in the water column (Ref. 106854). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: mud; Hard Bottom; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | del Mundo, C.M., 2000 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006 |
| Feeding habit | |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | |||||
| Ref. | |||||