| Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Inhabits bottom mud or peat, often with sand, clay or broken shells. Adults in marine environment. Juveniles in estuarine and marine environment (Ref. 8). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; ooze (, organic ); |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Pérez Farfante, I. and B. Kensley, 1997 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, 2015 |
| Feeding habit | |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 2.93 | 0.17 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||