| Main Ref. | Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams, 1998 | 
|---|---|
| Remarks | Males are fully mature at 10.5 cm mantle length; females clearly developing but immature at 8.5 cm mantle length, with paired nidamental glands. Depths of capture in open nets range from 300 to 500 m at night (1 at 3,500 m) and 800 to 2,500 m during daytime: this clearly is a meso- to bathypelagic species. Specimens are reported as prey of lancetfish, blue shark and sperm whale (Ref. 97142). | 
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies | 
						
						
						
  | 
						
						
						
						
  | 
						
						
						
						
  | 
						
						
						
						
  | 
					
| Substrate | Pelagic; | 
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Norman, M., 2003 | 
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. | 
| संदर्भ | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism | 
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | 
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 | 
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) | 
| Feeding habit Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 | 
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | टिप्पणी | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | |||||
| संदर्भ | |||||