Ecology Summary - Emydocephalus annulatus

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Ecology of Emydocephalus annulatus

Main Ref.	SAUP Database, 2006
Remarks	Feeds exclusively and frequently on large numbers of eggs of small fishes such as damselfish, blennies and gobies. Moves slowly and continuously across crevices and burrows while hunting for fish nests. Only active during daylight. Locates its prey via smell rather than through visual cues (Ref. 101738).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Emydocephalus annulatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; silt;
Substrate Ref.	Ineich, I. and P. Laboute, 2002
Special habitats	Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.	Greer, A.E., 2006

Associations

Ref.	uBio Portal, 2015
Associations
Associated with	red algae (Ceramailes); Streblonema sp.; Conchoderma virgatum; Lepas anatifera;
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Shine, R., X. Bonnet, M.J. Elphick and E.G. Barrott, 2004
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Shine, R., X. Bonnet, M.J. Elphick and E.G. Barrott, 2004

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	4.00	0.50			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.