Ecology Summary - Ranina ranina

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Ecology of Ranina ranina

Main Ref.	Ng, P.K.L., 1998
Remarks	Occupies the sublittoral zone (Ref. 77016). Occurs at depths greater than 100 m in open sandy areas (Ref. 343) in which they bury (Ref. 106934). Feeds on a variety of worms and soft shelled mollusks (Ref. 343).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Ranina ranina may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; endofauna (infauna); Soft Bottom: sand;
Substrate Ref.	Macnae, W. and M. Kalk, 1962
Special habitats	Coral Reefs; Other habitats: burrows;
Special habitats Ref.	Macnae, W. and M. Kalk, 1962

Associations

Ref.	Ng, P.K.L., 1998
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Skinner, D.G. and B.J. Hill, 1986
Feeding habit	browsing on substrate
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.92	0.67			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.