Main Ref. | Tan, J.M.L., 1995 |
---|---|
Remarks | Found in shallow inshore (Ref. 122680) and deep offshore waters (Refs. 1394, 118705). Typically in groups of 10 to 60 individuals (Ref. 801). Food sharing is observed in this species, and they travel in a broad band up to several kilometers wide in order to increase success of finding prey (Ref. 122680). Feeds primarily on fish like mahi mahi and yellowfin tuna (Ref. 122680) and cephalopods (Refs. 801, 1394, 118705); was reported to attack small cetaceans and, on one occasion, even a humpback whale (Ref. 1394). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Pelagic; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Tan, J.M.L., 1995 |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber, 1993 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber, 1993 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.50 | 0.51 | Troph of juv./adults. | ||
From individual food items | 4.51 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Alonso, M.K., S.N. Pedraza, A.C.M. Schiavini, R.N.P. Goodall and E.A. Crespo, 1999 |