Ecology Summary - Vulsella vulsella

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Ecology of Vulsella vulsella

Main Ref.	Springsteen, F.J. and F.M. Leobrera, 1986
Remarks	Subtidal (Ref. 75840). Found embedded within the sponge Ricinia (Refs. 75840, 116259). Reported from Hong Kong to be found on the ceilings and walls of submarine caves (Ref. 126058).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Vulsella vulsella may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Valentich-Scott, P., 2003
Associations
Associated with	Ricinia;
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19)
Feeding type Ref.	Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004
Feeding habit	filtering plankton
Feeding habit Ref.	Kangas, M.I., S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, E. Lai, I. Wright and A. Thomson, 2006

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.