Ecology Summary - Penaeus merguiensis

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Ecology of Penaeus merguiensis

Main Ref.	Holthuis, L.B., 1980
Remarks	Juveniles are found in mangrove creek-inlets (Ref. 121464), in a mangrove vegetate area (Ref. 121475), in intertidal and subtidal edge of mud flats, near inshore and far inshore waters (Ref. 121464). Occurs in bottom mud or sandy-mud substrates in marine and estuarine environments (Ref. 8) and among shells (Ref. 121467). Inhabits shallow open sea or in the mouth of a river and bay areas where water is more or less turbid (Ref. 374). Adult species periodically form aggregations or 'schools' offshore (Ref. 100847). Omnivore (Ref. 116259).

Main Ref.

Holthuis, L.B., 1980

Remarks

Juveniles are found in mangrove creek-inlets (Ref. 121464), in a mangrove vegetate area (Ref. 121475), in intertidal and subtidal edge of mud flats, near inshore and far inshore waters (Ref. 121464). Occurs in bottom mud or sandy-mud substrates in marine and estuarine environments (Ref. 8) and among shells (Ref. 121467). Inhabits shallow open sea or in the mouth of a river and bay areas where water is more or less turbid (Ref. 374). Adult species periodically form aggregations or 'schools' offshore (Ref. 100847). Omnivore (Ref. 116259).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Penaeus merguiensis may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.	del Mundo, C.M., 2000
Special habitats	Beds: sea grass;
Special habitats Ref.	Hajisamae, S. and P. Yeesin, 2014

Associations

Ref.	Holthuis, L.B., 1980
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Wassenberg, T.J. and B.J. Hill, 1993
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Wassenberg, T.J. and B.J. Hill, 1993

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.77	0.36			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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