Ecology Summary - Sepia esculenta

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Ecology of Sepia esculenta

Main Ref.	Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984
Remarks	Sometimes found burrowing in the substrate (Ref. 275).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Sepia esculenta may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: sand;
Substrate Ref.	Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984
Special habitats	Other habitats: burrows;
Special habitats Ref.	Carpenter, K.E. and V.H. Niem, 1998

Associations

Ref.	Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.39	0.50			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.