Ecology Summary - Procellaria westlandica

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Ecology of Procellaria westlandica

Main Ref.	SAUP Database, 2006
Remarks	Breeds colonially on forested hillsides. Does not typically trail ships (Ref. 91362). Exhibits surface-seizing and plunging (Ref. 356).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Procellaria westlandica may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Harrison, P., 1987
Associations	colony-forming/symphorism;
Associated with
Association remarks	Breeds colonially.
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Karpouzi, V.S., 2005
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	SAUP Database, 2006

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	4.28	0.52			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.