Ecology Summary - Miyakea nepa

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Ecology of Miyakea nepa

Main Ref.	Manning, R.B., 1998
Remarks	A very common shore species that burrows in level-bottom habitats (Ref. 92). Prefers sandy-muddy bottoms (Ref. 87055). May deposit feed as well (Ref. 105093).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Miyakea nepa may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; endofauna (infauna); Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.	Garcia, R.G., 1981
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Manning, R.B., 1998
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Lui, K.Y., 2005
Feeding habit	variable
Feeding habit Ref.	Lui, K.Y., 2005

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.52	0.41			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.